经济术语

经济术语
常用经济术语的翻译

汉语[删除]English
国民经济、对外经济贸易[删除]NATIONALECONOMY,FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSANDTRADE
20年基本实现现代化[删除]basicallyachievemodernizationin20years
八五计划[删除]the8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment
百分点[删除]percentagepoints
保持发展后劲[删除]bringaboutasustainabledevelopment;sustainmomentumofdevelopment
保持双边贸易的平衡[删除]balancethetwo-waytrade
保税区[删除]bondedarea;freetradearea
标书[删除]biddingdocument
财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率[删除]publicfinancing,taxation,credit,interestrate,exchangerate
财政赤字(盈余)[删除]budgetdeficit(surplus)
财政收入[删除]staterevenue
菜篮子工程[删除]shippingbasketproject
产业政策[删除]industrialpolicy
出资方式[删除]meansofcontributinginvestment
创汇型企业[删除]foreignexchange-earningenterprise
粗放/集约经营[删除]extensive/intensiveoperation
存款/贷款余额[删除]thebalanceofdeposits/loans
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。[删除]Animportantfactor(contributingto/resultingin)substantialpricehikesliesinthegradualliftingofpricescontrolandthestructuraladjustmentofprices.
第一、二、三产业[删除]primary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用[删除]serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies,managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.
风险投资[删除]ventureinvestment/capital
高附加值的深加工[删除]down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value
格局初步形成[删除]Patternhastakeninitialshape.
工农业总产值[删除]grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture
公开招标[删除]callforbid;tenders
供不应求[删除]shortsupply
供大于求[删除]oversupply
购买力平价法[删除]purchasingpowerparity
固定资产投资[删除]investmentinfixedassets
关系民生的产品[删除]productsvitaltothepeople\’slivelihood
规范价格秩序[删除]standardizethepriceorder
国产化[删除]percentageofhome-madeparts
国家统配物资[删除]materialsallocatedbystate
国家指令性计划[删除]statemandatoryplanning
国民经济的支柱[删除]mainstayofthenationaleconomy
国民生产总值[删除]GNP(GrossNationalProduct)
国民收入[删除]nationalincome
国内配套资金[删除]domesticfunds
国内生产总值[删除]GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)
合营期限[删除]contracttermofajointventure
合作方式[删除]approachestocooperation
宏观调控[删除]macro-economiccontrol
火炬计划[删除]TorchPlan
货币发放[删除]theissueofcurrency
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验[删除]activelyintroducecapital,technology,competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside
基础地位[删除]leadingposition
基础设施[删除]infrastructure
计划经济[删除]plannedeconomy
技术、智力、资本密集型[删除]technology,knowledgeorcapitalintensive
技术入股[删除]technologyappraisedascapitalstock
技术转让[删除]technologytransfer
加大改革力度[删除]intensifyreforms
减免税收[删除]taxreductionandexemption
简化流通环节，增加随机检查[删除]simplifycirculationandaddmorerandomchecks
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政\”三个机制\”[删除]establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy,rulebylaw,democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序[删除]cooldowntheover-heatedfuturemarketandrestorefinancialorder
交钥匙工程[删除]turn-keyproject
紧缩银根[删除]tightenthemoneysupply
经济杠杆[删除]economiclevers
经济过热[删除]overheatedeconomy
经济实力[删除]economiccapabilities
经济指标[删除]economicindicators
竟标[删除]competitivebidding
开标[删除]bidopening
看好经济增长[删除]thinkhighlyofeconomicgrowth
科研成果产业化[删除]industrializationofresearchfindings
可行性研究[删除]feasibilitystudy
库存积压[删除]overstockedproducts
跨国公司[删除]transnationalcorporation
劳动密集型[删除]laborintensive
理顺企业的产权关系[删除]rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises
良性循环[删除]positivecycle
龙头[删除]pacemaker;leadingrole
贸易伙伴[删除]tradepartner
贸易顺差[删除]tradesurplus
门类齐全[删除]coveringextensivefields
内联企业[删除]inlandassociatedenterprises
拍卖[删除]auction
配套措施[删除]supportingmeasures
配套改革[删除]coordinatedreforms
配套工程[删除]auxiliaryproject
批量生产[删除]massproduction
片面追求发展速度[删除]seekanundulyhighgrowthrate
平等互利，互通有无[删除]equalityandmutualbenefit,andtradingofneededgoods
评标[删除]bidproposalevaluation
瓶颈[删除]bottleneck
企业“工效挂钩”[删除]linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise
人均国内生产总值[删除]GDPpercapita
三角债[删除]chaindebts
三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)[删除]processingandcompensationtrades(processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples,assemblingsuppliedcomponents)
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）[删除]threeconnectionsandonelevelingassuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads,andthatthegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.
三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)[删除]threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment:Sino-foreignjointventure,contractualjointventure
上不封顶，下不保底[删除]setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee
社会零售物价总指数[删除]generalretailpriceindex
社会商品零售总额[删除]totalvolumeofretailsales
社会效益[删除]socialeffect/returns
社会总产值[删除]totalproductofsociety
升级换代[删除]upgradingandupdating
生产力[删除]productiveforces
生产资料[删除]capitalgoods
生意兴隆/冷淡[删除]Businessisbooming/sluggish
实际利用外资[删除]foreigninvestmentinactualuse
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质\”三个优化\”[删除]optimizeindustrialstructure,ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展[删除]bringaboutsustained,stableandcoordinateddevelopment
实行全方位开放[删除]practicemulti-directionalopening
市场调节[删除]marketregulation
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。[删除]Themarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole.
市场经济[删除]marketeconomy
市场疲软[删除]amarketslump
随行就市[删除]fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions
提高经济效益[删除]enhanceeconomicperformance/returns
同国际惯例接轨[删除]followtheinternationalcodesofpractice;bring…inlinewiththeinternationalusage
统而不死，活而不乱[删除]ensureaflexiblecontrol
统购统销[删除]statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing
统一定价[删除]unifiedpricesetting
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、[删除]unifiedpolicy,liberalizedoperation,andequalcompetition
投标[删除]bidforaproject
投标报价书[删除]bidproposals
投资环境[删除]investmentenvironment
外汇储备[删除]foreignexchangereserves
外贸出口总额[删除]grossforeignexportvalue
外贸顺差[删除]foreigntradesurplus
外商直接投资协议金额[删除]contractedforeigndirectinvestment
外向型经济[删除]export-orientedeconomy
外引内联[删除]actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapitalandestablishingdomesticconnections
完善的市场和发达的金融体制[删除]well-establishedmarketandsophisticatedfinancialsystem
我们两市的经济互补性很强。[删除]Toagreatextent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.
下放审批权[删除]delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels
向基础工业倾斜的政策[删除]policyinfavorofbasicindustry
消灭失业[删除]wipeoutunemployment
行情看好[删除]Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.
行情看涨/跌[删除]anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice
一条龙服务[删除]onepackageservice
一位数水平[删除]onedigitlevel
一支笔审批[删除]one-chopapproval
以工养农[删除]useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture
以路养路[删除]usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects
以销定产[删除]limitproductiontomarketability
抑制炒房地产热[删除]stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket
意向书[删除]letterofintent
优化资源配置[删除]optimizeallocationofresources
优惠条件[删除]confessionalterms;favorableterms
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。[删除]Grainsarepurchasedandsoldbythesamepricebecausecoveredallowancesareturnedintoopenallowance.
允许外商独资经营[删除]allowfullforeignequityoperation
在过渡时期[删除]inaperiodoftransition
招标承包制[删除]biddinginvitationcontractsystem
招标出售技术[删除]bidsfortechnology
招标单[删除]invitationforbid(IFB)
招商[删除]attractinvestment
招商项目[删除]projectproposalsforinvestment
折旧费[删除]depreciationcost
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。[删除]Thismeetinglaidasoundfoundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomicties.
政策性亏损[删除]policy-relatedloss
知识产权[删除]intellectualpropertyrights
指导性计划[删除]guidanceplan
指令性计划[删除]mandatoryplan
质量信得过单位[删除]qualitytrustworthyorganization
中标[删除]winabid;beawardedatender
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技\”三个基础\”[删除]stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology
转口贸易[删除]transittrade
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制[删除]responsibilityforone\’sownprofitsandlosses,theintegrationofindustryandforeigntrade,andthepromotionofagentsystem
租赁[删除]leasing

国民经济NATIONALECONOMY,

中国化chinization

对外经济贸易FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSANDTRADE

经济指标economicindicators

社会总产值totalproductofsociety

国民生产总值GNP(GrossDomesticProduct)

国内生产总值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)

人均国内生产总值GDPpercapita

工农业总产值grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture

国民收入nationalincome

购买力平价法purchasingpowerparity

财政收入staterevenue

社会商品零售总额totalvolumeofretailsales

社会零售物价总指数generalretailpriceindex

百分点percentagepoints

\”八五\”划划the8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment

计划经济plannedeconomy

统购统销statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing

市场经济marketeconomy

指令性计划mandatoryplan

指导性计划guidanceplan

市场调节marketregulation

建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政\”三个机制\”establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy,rulebylaw,democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment

抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技\”三个基础\”stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology

实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质\”三个优化\”optimizeindustrialstructure,ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation

第一、二、三产业primary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries

外向型经济export-orientedeconomy

创汇型企业foreignexchange-earningenterprise

劳动密集型laborintensive

技术、智力、资本密集型technology,knowledgeorcapitalintensive

高附加值的深加工down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value

优化资源配置optimizeallocationofresources

生产力productiveforces

生产资料capitalgoods

科研成果产业化industrializationofresearchfindings

火炬计划TorchPlan

技术入股technologyappraisedascapitalstock

风险投资ventureinvestment/capital

固定资产投资investmentinfixedassets

折旧费depreciationcost

关系民生的产品productsvitaltothepeople’slivelihood

供大于求oversupply

供不应求shortsupply

经济过热overheatedeconomy

抑制炒房地产热stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket
宏观调控macro-economiccontrol

经济杠杆economiclevers

产业政策industrialpolicy

财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率publicfinancing,taxation,credit,interestrate,exchangerate

提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns

社会效益socialeffect/returns

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringaboutsustained,stableandcoordinateddevelopment

财政赤字(盈余)budgetdeficit(surplus)

外贸出口总额grossforeignexportvalue

外商直接投资协议金额contractedforeigndirectinvestment

实际利用外资foreigninvestmentinactualuse

三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment:sino-foreignjointventure,contractualjointventure

允许外商独资经营allowfullforeignequityoperation

优惠条件confessionalterms;favorableterms

减免税收taxreductionandexemption

合作方式approachestocooperation

出资方式meansofcontributinginvestment

合营期限contracttermofajointventure

三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)processingandcompensationtrades(processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples,assemblingsuppliedcomponents)

贸易伙伴tradepartner

转口贸易transittrade

外贸顺差foreigntradesurplus

积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验activelyintroducecapital,technology,competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside

交钥匙工程turn-keyproject

招标承包制biddinginvitationcontractsystem

招标出售技术bidsfortechnology

公开招标callforbid;tenders

招标单invitationforbid(IFB)

标书biddingdocument

竟标competitivebidding

投标bidforaproject

投标报价书bidproposals

评标bidproposalevaluation

开标bidopening

中标winabid;beawardedatender

拍卖auction

租赁leasing

保税区bondedarea;freetradearea

实行全方位开放practicemulti-directionalopening

统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unifiedpolicy,liberalizedoperation,andequalcompetition

自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibilityforone’sownprofitsandlosses,theintegrationofindustryandforeigntrade,andthepromotionofagentsystem

知识产权intellectualpropertyrights

技术转让technologytransfer

可行性研究feasibilitystudy

意向书letterofintent

投资环境investmentenvironment

跨国公司transnationalcoorporation

基础设施infrastructure

20年基本实现现代化basicallyachievemodernizationin20years

发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies,managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.

招商attractinvestment

招商项目projectproposalsforinvestment

同国际惯例接轨followtheinternationalcodesofpractice;bring…inlinewiththeinternationalusage

加大改革力度intensifyreforms

一条龙服务onepackageservice

一支笔审批one-chopapproval

我们两市的经济互补性很强。Toagreatextent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.

平等互利，互通有无equalityandmutualbenefit,andtradingofneededgoods

外引内联actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapitalandestablishingdomesticconnections

保持发展后劲bringaboutasustainabledevelopment;sustainmomentumofdevelopment

三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）\”threeconnectionsandoneleveling\”assuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads,andthatthegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.

瓶颈bottleneck

以工养农useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture

以路养路usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects

下放审批权delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels

统而不死，活而不乱ensureaflexiblecontrol

良性循环positivecycle

国民经济的支柱mainstayofthenationaleconomy

格局初步形成Patternhastakeninitialshape.

理顺企业的产权关系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises

政策性亏损policy-relatedloss

三角债chaindebts

上不封顶，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee

企业“工效挂钩”linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise

生意兴隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish

质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthyorganization

批量生产massproduction

以销定产limitproductiontomarketability

内联企业inlandassociatedenterprises

菜篮子工程shippingbasketproject

国产化percentageofhome-madeparts

配套改革coordinatedreforms

配套措施supportingmeasures

配套工程auxiliaryproject

国内配套资金domesticfunds

向基础工业倾斜的政策policyinfavorofbasicindustry

升级换代upgradingandupdating

看好经济增长thinkhighlyofeconomicgrowth

行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.

行情看涨/跌anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice

随行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions

片面追求发展速度seekanundulyhighgrowthrate

在过渡时期inaperiodoftransition

粗放/集约经营extensive/intensiveoperation

基础地位leadingposition

门类齐全coveringextensivefields

存款/贷款余额thebalanceofdeposits/loans

外汇储备foreignexchangereserves

贸易顺差tradesurplus

ACFICAllChinaFederationofIndustryandCommerce中华全国工商业联合会（全国工商联）

ADBAsianDevelopmentBank亚洲开发银行（亚行）

AMCassetmanagementcompany资产管理公司

BOTbuild-operate-transfer建设－运营－移交

CBRCChinaBankingRegulatoryCommission中国银行业监督管理委员会（银监会）

CGCcreditguaranteecompany信用担保公司

CGScreditguaranteescheme信用担保制度

CIRCChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommission中国保险监督管理委员会（保监会）

CPDFChinaProjectDevelopmentFacility（世行）中国项目开发中心

CSRCChinaSecuritiesRegulatoryCommission中国证券监督管理委员会（证监会）

DFIDDepartmentforInternationalDevelopment（oftheUnitedKingdom）英国国际发展部

DRCDevelopmentResearchCenter（oftheChinaStateCouncil）国务院发展研究中心

EUEuropeanUnion欧盟

FDIforeigndirectinvestment外商直接投资

FIEforeigninvestedenterprise外资企业

GDPgrossdomesticproduct国内生产总值

IFCInternationalFinanceCorporation国际金融公司

IPOinitialpublicoffering（股票）首次公开发行

IPRintellectualpropertyright知识产权

JVjointventure合资企业

MOCMinistryofCommerce商务部

MOFMinistryofFinance财政部

MOFTECMinistryofForeignTradeandEconomicCooperation（原）外经贸部

MOSTMinistryofScienceandTechnology科技部

NGWTNationalGuidelinesonWaterTariffs城市供水价格管理办法

NPCNationalPeople\’sCongress全国人大

NPLnonperformingloan不良贷款

OECDOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment经合组织

PBOCPeople\’sBankofChina中国人民银行（人行）

PPApowerpurchaseagreement购电协议

PPIprivateparticipationininfrastructure私营企业参与基础设施建设

PRCPeople\’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国（中国）

PSAprivatesectorassessment私营部门评估

PSDprivatesectordevelopment私营企业发展

PSRPPowerSectorRestructuringPlan电力行业重组计划

QFIIqualifiedforeigninstitutionalinvestor合格外国机构投资者

RCCruralcreditcooperative农村信用社

SAICStateAdministrationofIndustryandCommerce国家工商总局

SASACStateAssetSupervisionandAdministrationCommission国有资产管理委员会（国资委）

SDPCStateDevelopmentPlanningCommission国家发展计划委员会（计委）

SETCStateEconomicTradeCommission（原）经贸委

SMEsmallandmediumenterprise中小企业

SOCBstate-ownedcommercialbank国有商业银行

SOEstate-ownedenterprise国有企业

SPCSupremePeople’sCourt最高人民法院

SPGCStatePowerGridCorporation国家电网公司

TAtechnicalassistance技术援助（技援）

TVEtownorvillageenterprise乡镇企业

UNDPUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme联合国开发计划署

VCventurecapital风险投资

WTOWorldTradeOrganization世贸组织